Why Is the “Era of Goof Feelings” a Misnomer Essay

The period of James Monroe’s presidency has gained the term used worldwide as the â€Å"Era of Good Feelings†. It was adopted by this name because of Monroe’s action in visiting the U.S military basis and because of the spirit of nationalism and optimism gained by the people from the War of 1812. Foreign affairs exemplifies why this name is partly fact. However, the perception of unity that this era defines is somewhat misleading. Throughout this period, there were various problems that contradicted the era’s name. Some of the serious issues that divided the nation were economic depression and sectionalism. The first major fracture in â€Å"Era of Good Feelings† was an economic panic and depression that is frequently known as â€Å"The Panic of 1819†.†¦show more content†¦This amendment is known as the Tallmadge Amendment. This bill stated that no slaves could be brought into the state of Missouri and slaves born there would be freed at the age of 25. Southerners were bothered by this suggested law because they felt that it would threaten the sectional balance we had in our country and that Congress would attempt to abolish slavery in southern states. As a solution to this growing dilemma, Henry Clay proposed the Missouri compromise in 1820. This compromise, commonly known as â€Å"The Great Compromise†, stated three important things. One being that Missouri was to be admitted as a slaveholding state. Second, Maine was to be admitted as a free state, in order to keep the balance. Third, in the rest of the Louisiana territory north of latitude 36 º 30 , slavery was prohibited. Although this compromise was accepted by both sides of the country, it upset many Northerners, thus increasing growing sectionalism in our nation. Nevertheless, the â€Å"Era of Good feelings† was badly damaged by Americans’ torn feelings of sectional controversy over Missouri (North vs. South). The â€Å"Era of Go od Feelings† can also be exemplified with positive results. Our country’s Foreign affairs grew increasingly better during this time period. After the War of 1812, the United States adopted a more aggressive nationalistic approach in its relations with other nations. Americans were now proud to call themselves

Relevance of a Budget to an Organization Literature review - 1

Essays on Relevance of a Budget to an Organization Literature review The paper "Relevance of a Budget to an Organization" is a good example of a literature review on finance and accounting. According to Reimers (2007), financial planning in an organization is underpinned with effective budgeting tools and in this regard, he defined a budget as an organization’s quantitative expression of financial plans for a future period that could range between months or years. This essay is aimed at examining the relevance of preparing and utilizing a budget in an organization.   The preparation of a budget is requisite in the determination of the capital structure of an organization. Through the application of budgetary tools, management is able to realign effectively financing of assets through the perfect matrix of equity, debt, and securities (Garrison et al., 2015). As a result of capital budgeting, the management will be better placed to formulate strategic goals, accurately estimate and forecast cash flows, control and monitor the organization’s expenditures. The budget is also instrumental in the formulation and amendment of financial policies. According to Reimers (2007), the budget constitutes an integral part of the decision-making framework within an organization. As a decision-making tool, the budget explicitly depicts the financial plans of an organization thereby providing a framework for the development of appropriate policies and strategies on future undertakings. Garrison et al., (2015) noted that the importance of a budget is furthe r underlined with its role in organization performance monitoring. Organizations should prepare a budget to facilitate the comparability of the actual performance of a firm against the previously forecasted performance. Vis a vis, the budget provides the management with the baseline for the evaluation of the performance of the organization within a specific period. Similarly, based on the organization’s performance, the management is able to evaluate the emergent market trends and strategize on the future performance of the firm (Garrison et al., 2015). In addition, organizations should prepare the budget in order to reduce uncertainties associated with market trends through effective planning for the limited resources, balancing of inflow and outflow of funds and strategic investment of the organization’s income.

Overall Structure of the Oil and Gas Industry

Question: Demonstrate a good understanding of the substantive rules of International law applicable to the oil and gas industry Evaluate the key principles of contract formation in International commercial transactions and key international law principles and trends in the oil and gas sector Assess the effectiveness of international law in addressing the environmental impact of oil exploration and exploitation Demonstrate a critical understanding of the importance of oil and gas law as a distinct subject, studied in a practical and commercial context. Knowledge and understanding: Demonstration of detailed knowledge of the legal framework of oil and gas industry and the implications of national, regional and international law. Answer: Introduction Oil and gas industry is one of the most growing industries amid the global market place. The demand of oil and gas has been increasing over the years approximately at a rate of 1.2% annually (Lukoil, 2013). In this regard, more specifically it can be argued that the demand of oil and gas can be highly observed in the global market due to high consumption and demand of energy in the global market. According to the report of Ernst Young (2014), report it is revealed that the consumption of oil and gas has been increasing roughly around 50% in every year (Ernst Young, 2014; Lukoil, 2013). According to the viewpoint of Parashar (n.d.), it is identified that the whole oil and gas industry is globally recognised as a part of metal minerals industries. In this regard, more specifically Parashar (n.d.) argued that the whole oil and gas industry usually supervised and regulated by the governments with the aim of ensuring the future sustainability development. Moreover, it can be also claimed that the government has adopted economic policies and legal aspects with the aim of ensuring the command over the oil and gas industry. In this context, it is also notified that with the aim of ensuring the future development the government has segregated the overall oil and gas industry into three parts such as upstream, midstream and downstream (Parashar, n.d.). In this particular assignment, the objective is to identify and analyse the commercial, technical and legal aspects of the oil and gas industry, which usually assist governments to ensure the sustainability development for the future. Apart from this, during the discussion of commercial, technical and legal aspects of the oil and gas industry the study will highly emphasise to identify the challenges of this industry. Moreover, the study will try to examine and evaluate the key areas and features through which governments are usually negotiate challenges i.e. oil and gas industry. Additionally, the study will also emphasise towards the factors through which international oil companies can enhance their future performances. Discussion According to the report of UNEP Industry and Environment (1997), it is identified that large numbers of developed countries government has highly emphasised towards the environment planning related principles with the aim of ensuring the sustainability and responsibility of the environment in terms of ecology related aspects. In this context, government and larger oil companies has provided their exclusive attention towards the implementation or execution of the environment related programs. Similarly, the government has also provided their attention towards the legal framework with the aim of ensuring the statutory control over the environment planning related principles. Moreover, government and larger oil companies have also tried to ensure effective execution of the environment related programs through the assistance of constant supervising and monitoring. In this regard, based on the report of UNEP Industry and Environment (1997), it is witnessed that during the monitoring and s tatutory control, government and larger oil companies has incorporated qualitative measure for ensuring the effective execution of the environment related planning programs. According to the report of Swansea University (2015), government and larger oil companies has introduced new Latin Legum Magister (LLM) for the oil and gas industry, which can be referred as a one of the most essential constituent through which it can be possible to ensure the protection of natural resource. At the same time, it can be argued that through concentrating towards the new LLM an oil and gas manufacturing organisation can ensure its conduct and ethics of the business operations. In this context, it can be also argued that through concentrating towards the new LLM, government of UK can protect the waste of natural resource. At the same time, by concentrating on New LLM, government of UK can also ensure the protection of the intellectual property rights i.e. natural resources. Additionally, it can be claimed that the incorporation of new LLM i.e. oil and gas industry may lead significant growth in terms of global commerce. On the other hand, new LLM features also may help m odern gas and petroleum organisations to enhance their business performance in the international market (Swansea University, 2015). Legal Aspects of Oil and Gas Industry In accordance with Soyer and Kurtz-Shefford (2014), it is identified that government and larger oil companies has emphasised towards the contracts and liabilities of the oil and gas industry with the aim of ensuring the life cycle of the gas and petroleum project. In this regard, Soyer and Kurtz-Shefford (2014) claimed that government and larger oil companies has highly emphasised towards the confidentiality agreement with the aim of ensuring the exploration and production of gas and petroleum. Simultaneously, through incorporating confidentiality agreement approach government and larger oil companies has tried to ensure commercial and legal issues during the international trade operations. On the other hand, through concentrating towards the confidentiality agreement government and larger oil companies have tried to ensure the environmental impact i.e. natural resource as well as minerals. Additionally, it can be mentioned that through concentrating towards the confidentiality agree ment during the oil and gas business operations government and larger oil companies tried to reduce serious threats related to the oil and gas industry and it has also addressed potential liability relates aspects (Soyer and Kurtz-Shefford, 2014). Public and Commercial Legal Aspects of Oil and Gas Industry In accordance with Soyer and Kurtz-Shefford (2014), the oil and gas industry is one of the giant industries amid the entire globe. The industry usually operates its business operations in around the globe. In this regard, the report of OPEC (2015), mentioned that through the assistance of innovative as well as courageous approach the oil and gas industry has created its recognition in the global market place. Simultaneously, technological development has assisted the organisation to enhance its growth rate in an extensive manner. On the other hand, the industry has also witnessed certain challenges during its international operations due to internal as well as external aspects. Thus, government and larger oil companies have concentrated towards the legal regulations for overcoming all those challenges. In this context, it can be argued that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has paid their extensive attention towards the global framework with the aim of reducing the challenges of the oil and gas industry. Moreover, it is also witnessed that the WTO has emphasised towards oil and gas industry with an aim of enhancing the influence of human rights during the international trade operations. Additionally, WTO has also provided its supporting hand towards the developing as well as under developed countries by financing and licensing on the oil and gas projects. Thus, after considering all these above stated aspects it can be evidently argued that through concentrating towards the oil and petroleum industry, WTO has ensured the intellectual property rights i.e. natural resources. Additionally, it has also assisted global organisations to enhance its business competencies (OPEC, 2015; Kurtz-Shefford, 2014). Practice of Law In order to ensure practice of law, government and larger oil companies has highly emphasised towards the commercial aspects. At the same time, the government has also engaged their attention towards the major contracts of the oil and gas industry. Apart from this, with the aim of ensuring the relationship between international traders, government and larger oil companies has highly concentrated towards the negotiable bills of lading. In this context, it can be also claimed that through concentrating towards the engaging tankers and ships government and larger oil companies has addressed international trade and commerce related challenges. In this context, Williams (2014), argued that through concentrating towards the economic policy as well as international trade related laws government and larger oil companies has enhanced overall growth rate of the oil and gas industry. Moreover, it can be also stated that through ensuring the practice of law government and larger oil companies ha s addressed the threat of global warming. In this context, rationally it can be argued that through concentrating towards carbon (CO2) emissions and other dangerous substances such as sulphur and nitrogen compounds among others, government and larger oil companies has reduce the diversified impact of the oil and gas production in the environment and atmosphere (Williams, 2014). Insurance Law According to the viewpoint of Soyer (2014), insurance of ships or tankers is one of the most crucial aspects for the oil and gas industry. In this regard, rationally it can be claimed that during the practice of law, it is highly essential for the government to provide attention towards insurance law for ensuring the recovery of unexpected loss from the disaster condition such as storm, tsunami and earthquake among others. Thus, government and larger oil companies have emphasised towards the insurance law for ensuring the relevance international business operations among the global countries. In this context, it can be claimed that the government of United States (US) and many other countries have adopted insurance law with the aim of ensuring the overseas business operation and it also assured respective position of the commonwealth countries. In this context, more specifically it can be argued that larger oil companies have witnessed several challenges during the negotiation proces s of drafting contracts (Soyer, 2014). International Trade Law In accordance with Tettenborn (2014), international trade law is one of the most essential aspects i.e. of business operations of the oil and gas industry. On the other hand, it can be claimed that through concentrating towards the international trade law it is possible to enhance the structure and operation of international trade in terms of oil and gas. Moreover, specifically it can be argued that through concentrating towards international trade law it is possible to improve the capital improvement plan (CIP) i.e. global business. Apart from this, international trade law also assist an organisation to focus towards the free on board (FOB) and cost, insurance and freight (CIF) contracts among others. Furthermore, international trade law also can reduce the obligations in case of rights of buyers as well as sellers. Additionally, through adopting adequate international trade law it is possible to reduce the risk related aspects and ensure the remedies for breach of contract. Consequ ently, international trade law also ensure the authenticity of the trade transport documents, bill of lading and the insurance of transit goods, which will ensure the protection of law i.e. international buyers. In this context, it can be argued that oil companies have witnessed several challenges during the negotiation process of drafting contracts, which has influenced governments to incorporate international trade law. Thus, the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) has highly emphasised towards international trade law for ensuring significant international trade relation between the global nations i.e. oil and gas industry (Tettenborn, 2014). International Litigation and Arbitration In accordance with Leloudas and Wen (2014) international trade disputes is one of the major threats for the global organisations, which may hamper the business performance and also can influence few other challenges for a nation. In this regard, with the aim of resolving this particular challenge government and larger oil companies has established a special national court, which may address the international trade disputes by considering jurisdiction over the global network. In this regard, more specifically it can be argued that through concentrating towards the judicial as well as arbitration structures ICC has resolved the international trade dispute. Thus, it can be evidently mentioned that through considering the special international law government and larger oil companies has addressed international litigation and arbitration i.e. oil and gas industry. At the same time, adoption of special international law has also assisted oil and petroleum manufacturers to resolve business disputes (Leloudas and Wen, 2014). Law and Practice in International Banking and Commercial Payments In accordance with Tettenborn (2014), during the business operation of oil and gas industry, organisations need to adopt international banking and commercial payments mechanism, which may reduce the payment obligations for the buyers i.e. of trade operations. At the same time, it can be argued that through incorporating international banking and commercial payments mechanism global organisations can reduce discrepancy cash payments, documentary credits and bills of exchange among others. Thus, the government UK has incorporated this particular mechanism with the aim of enhancing the quality of the international banking system, which will ensure integrated international payments among the global nations during the oil and gas trading. In this context, Tettenborn (2014) also believed through adopting international banking and commercial payments mechanism global oil and petroleum organisations will witness certain advantages as well as disadvantages during the trade operations (Tettenb orn, 2014). Examine and Evaluate the Key Features of Governments and International Oil Companies Based on the above discussion, it is identified that along with technical and commercial aspects, legal aspects is also an essential factor, which can enhance the operational efficiency of the oil and gas industry. Simultaneously, it can be also argued that through concentrating towards the legal aspects governments can ensure the overall negotiation process i.e. of oil and gas industry, which will assist international oil organisations to enhance their business performances in an effective manner. In this context, in order to critically analyse the key features of the government i.e. of negotiation process it can be stated that legal and other agreement with the business partners will ensure the authenticity and reliability of the business operation (Leloudas and Wen, 2014). At the same time, through concentrating on safety and security related aspects, an oil and gas manufacturer can enhance its operational efficiency. Simultaneously, government should emphasise towards consultation as well as disclosure of the information with the aim of ensuring as well as varying the quality of the business operation in more effective manner. Apart from this government need to be stay focused regarding compensation and resettlement with an aim of significant development in the oil and gas related business projects. In this regard, it can be argued that through providing attention towards compensation and resettlement an oil and gas manufacturer can enhance its market value in the operating market place. Moreover, government should highly emphasise towards the employment for ensuring smooth execution of business operation. In this context, apart from recruitment and hiring, the government should pay attention towards training and development related aspects, which wil l ensure long term sustainability and better execution of the business operations. Consequently, government need to concentrate towards infrastructure and utility related aspects of the oil and gas business, which will ensure greater profitability and long term sustainability for the future (Tettenborn, 2014). Additionally, the government should pay attention towards the health management related aspects, which will ensure health concern of the community and it will also help organisations to build a positive relation with the oil and gas manufacturer as well as its stakeholders. Thus, based on these evidences it can be claimed that through concentrating towards all these above stated aspects an international oil and gas manufacturing organisation can enhance its profit margin as well as overall profitability in an effective manner (Soyer, 2014). Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is identified that the overall structure of the oil and gas industry has been changed dramatically after the year 1980s. In this regard, more specifically it can be argued that most of the emerging countries governments have incorporated legal aspects along with technical and commercial aspects, which as assisted the global oil and gas manufacturers to enhance its operational efficiency along with enhancing the ability of facing challenges. Moreover, legal aspects have also helped global oil and gas manufacturers to enhance negotiation efficiency during the international trade operations. Additionally it can be argued that adequate legal aspects can improve future prosperity of the global oil and gas organisations. Reference List Ernst Young, 2014. Oil Gas Industry Forecast. Assurance, pp. 1-47. Lukoil, 2013. Global Trends in Oil Gas Markets To 2025. Global Trends, pp. 1-64. Parashar, S., No Date. Legal Aspect of Oil and Gas Sector. Subject: Oil and Gas [Online] Available at: https://www.manupatrafast.com/articles/PopOpenArticle.aspx?ID=3b9928f3-1807-4916-b783-33b3c38992dbtxtsearch=Subject:%20Oil%20And%20Gas [Accessed on 8 July, 2015]. UNEP Industry and Environment, 1997. Environmental Management in Oil and Gas Exploration and Management. Oil Industry International Exploration and Production Forum, pp. 1-76. Swansea University, 2015. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. College of Law, pp. 1-2. Soyer, B. and Kurtz-Shefford, T., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. Oil and Gas Law: Contracts and Liabilities, p. 2. Kurtz-Shefford, T., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. Public and Commercial Legal Aspects of Oil and Gas Exploration and Production (Compulsory), p. 2. Williams, R., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. Charter parties: Law and Practice, p. 2. Soyer, B., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. Marine Insurance Law, p.2. Tettenborn, A., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. International Trade Law, p. 2. Leloudas, G. and Wen, S., 2014. LLM in Oil and Gas Law. International Litigation and Arbitration, p. 2.

Standard Paragraphs for VDOT Technicians Field Rep Essays

Standard Paragraphs for VDOT Technicians Field Reports The GeoConcepts representative arrived on site, as requested, to observe and/or perform the followings:- Concrete: Self-Consolidated Concrete (SCC): Observe the placement of 24.0 cubic yards of 5000 psi Caisson Self- Consolidated Concrete (SCC) for drilled shaft #7. Concrete sample was taken from each truck and tested for temperature, slump and air content. All test results were informed to Dewberry representative. One set (Set #23) of nine cylinders (three for 28 day, four for early field breaks and two for permeability) was molded for compressive strength and permeability testing in our laboratory. Curb & Gutter Observed the placement of 90.0 cubic yards of 3000 psi A3 Extrusion Concrete supplied by Vulcan Materials. The concrete was poured for curb and gutter (CG-7) between structure 11-3 and structure 13-3 from station 158+30 to station 173+25 to the right side of west bound of route 50. The concrete observed on this date appeared to be placed in compliance with project specifications with regard to temperature, slump, air content, and batch to placement time. One set (Set #50) of 5 (3 for 28 days lab and 2 field) concrete cylinders (4"X8") for compressive strength of in our laboratory. Storm Water Structure Inverts: Observed the placement of 10.0 cubic yards of 4000 psi A4 Modified Concrete supplied by Titan Virginia Ready Mix LLC. The concrete was poured for the inverts of storm water structures #21-6 (sta.223+75), #22-1 (sta.226+00) on east bound of Rt.606. and structure #28-12 (sta.11+60) on Loudoun County Parkway. No sample was taken for this concrete. Box Culvert: Observed the placement of 80 cubic yards of 4000 psi A4 Modified Concrete (VDOT Design #9026-U-16) supplied by Titan Virginia Ready Mix LLC. The concrete was poured for box culvert (Structure #11-2) Wall and Slab (pour #11) on west bound of Route 659. Concrete observed on this day at this location appeared to be placed in compliance with project specifications with regard to temperature, slump, air content and batch to placement time. One set (Set #23) of seven cylinders (3 for 28 day lab, 2 for permeability and 2 for early field break) was molded for compressive strength and permeability testing in our laboratory. The rebar surface temperature was measured to be 40 F. Prior to concrete placement, the area was covered with plastic sheet, capped with plywood on top and heated with vacuum pump heater. The contractor continued to heat the area during and after concrete placement in order to keep the temperature within the limit of specifications. Bridge Deck: The GeoConcepts representative arrived on site as requested to observe the placement of 170 cubic yards of 4,000 psi A4 General Concrete for west bound Bridge Deck Span "G" on Gloucester Parkway. Concrete observed on that day appeared to be placed in accordance with project drawing and specifications with regard to temperature, slump and air content. Two sets (Set #23 day lab, three for early field break and two for permeability) were molded for compressive strength and permeability testing in our laboratory. Retaining Wall: Observed the placement of 17.0 cubic yards of 3000 psi A3 General Concrete for the 3rd footing section #10 of Retaining Wall #4 (RW-3) from station 229+45 to 230+05 on westbound of Route 659. Concrete observed for this date appeared to be placed in compliance with project specifications with regard to temperature, slump and air content. One set (Set #121) of five cylinders (three for 28 day lab and two for permeability) was molded for compressive strength and permeability testing in our laboratory. Soils & Aggregate: RCP Storm line: Observed the placement and compaction of VDOT #25 stones and soils for 40 linear feet of 15" diameter RCP stormwater line between storm structures #34-16 and #34-17 from approximate stations 199+50 to 200+25 at right side of westbound of Route 606. The contractor installed structure #28-11 on that day. Utilizing the Nuclear Method (ASTM D-6938-08a), checked the compactions of VDOT #25 stones and soils; test results indicated that the compacted material, at the areas and elevations tested, met or exceeded the project requirements of 95% of the maximum dry density of VDOT #25 stone (using suppliers laboratory proctor provided by the Dewberry Representative) and soils (using our laboratory proctor, Project source #S-2N). The soils observed on this date appeared to be placed in compliance with project specifications with regard to lift thickness and moisture content. Roadway Embankment: Observed the placement and compaction of soils for roadway embankment from station 13+50 and 16+50 on east bound of Fort Johnson Road. Utilizing

Englands Motives of Colonizat essays

Englands Motives of Colonizat essays Christopher Columbus, considered one of the greatest explorers of all time. Like every other explorer, Columbus had many reasons for his exploration. However, it is made obvious by studying the history of Columbus' explorations that his main motive for exploration was greed. Columbus had the same desires as many explorers both before and after him. He yearned for gold. He wanted land. He wanted power. The whole purpose for his first voyage to what he thought was India, but turned out to be Central America, was to gain land for Spain. It took quite a bit of sweet talking from Columbus to get the money and ships needed for this voyage from Spain's Queen Isabella. But in the end, Columbus had the chance to reach a goal brought on by greed: to gain riches. Queen Isabella had the same motive. She wanted land for Spain, and that is the only reason that she ever gave him the money and ships The English, like other countries, voyaged to the Americas in search of riches. It wasn't until they got there that they realized that people already lived there. It was at that point that greed took over the English. The English did something, that by today's standards would be considered inhuman. They used a method of mass murder called extermination. They used whatever it took to kill the most Native Americans possible in the smallest amount of time. The English would not have done this had it not been for extreme greed. They wanted the land that the Native Americans had and they wanted it as soon as possible. This greed among the English did accomplish their task of taking land quickly, but it also accomplished the murder of thousands Although it doesn't seem obvious at first thought, new laws in Europe helped with the effort in nation building. With the new laws were the guidelines as to were the laws were in effect. Often, a new ...

Essay on ReligionsEssay Writing Service

Essay on ReligionsEssay Writing Service Essay on Religions Essay on ReligionsReligion comprises an integral part of the social life. However, in spite of the diversity of religions, there are certain similarities, which make all religions looks alike. The similarity of religions is driven by objective factors, such as their common origin and evolution. On the other hand, religions remain different but the difference between religions is determined by local specificities mainly, which have determined the specific religious teaching. In this regard, it is possible to refer to the world’s major religions, such as Christianity, Islam and Buddhism, which seem to be absolutely different and even hostile to each other, at first glance, but, in their essence they remain the same and similar to each other. Therefore, religions are similar because they emerge and evolve on the ground of the same principles, while differences are determined by local cultural specificities mainly.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, proponents of the difference between religions make their judgments about religions on the ground of their superficial observations of the current development of various religious movements. In other words, they make their judgments about religions on the ground of their current experience judging by ends rather than causes and major drivers of religions. This is why proponents of the difference between religions can hardly give any plausible explanation why religions belonging to absolutely different cultures have substantial similarities. For instance, Islam and Christianity even have the same prophets, like Jesus Christ known in Islam as Isa. Moreover, even norms and beliefs are similar. In this respect, it is possible to refer to the gender discrimination, which can be traced in Christianity, Islam and Buddhism. Proponents of the difference between religions cannot give a plausible explanation to all of these issues as well as many others, which imply the common origin and similarity of reli gions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, the common origin and similarity of religions do not mean that they all originate from one time and place. Instead, the similarity of religions is the result of the common principles which contributed to the emergence of religions and their development and evolution in the course of time. To put it more precisely, all religions emerged under the impact of the natural environment of people. To understand the reason for the similarity of religions worldwide, it is important to trace the origin of the religious worldview and evolution of the major religions in the course of time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the distant past, people lived in the hostile natural environment, which phenomena they could not reasonably explain. Naturally, thunder and lightning triggered the horror of people in face of the power of nature. They could not explain it reasonably and their imagination helped them to explain those natu ral phenomena in the unnatural way. In other words, they attempted to give some supernatural explanation to natural phenomena, which they witnessed in their regular life. However, as human knowledge was extremely limited and narrowed down to the life of their own community. This is why often people interpreted natural phenomena, which became the main source of their early religious views, from their human standpoint (Flood 114). They could not explain the change of night and day, the change of seasons, birth and death and many other phenomena. This is why they attempted to explain natural phenomena by extrapolating human relations on them. For example, they attributed the change of life and day or the change of season by the change of life and death, which was particularly evident in the interpretation of the fertility of land, which people compared to the fertility of women. In such a way, they attributed features of humans or living beings to unanimated objects and phenomena. Thus , animism emerged. In this regard, explanations people gave to various phenomena were different but they were similar in their nature, in their attempt to explain the surrounding world from the human perspective. This is why, animism as the early form of religion had the common ground, the attempt of humans to explain the surrounding world by extrapolating human relations on the surrounding world.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Steadily, human religious views and beliefs changed and evolved. In the course of time fetishism emerged as the way of the association of inanimate or non-human objects like trees, rocks or animals with a spirit of deceased ancestors of people (Warraq 139). They worshipped those fetishes because they associated them with their ancestors. And again, even though fetishes were different but they had the common ground: people associated their fetishes with their ancestors, whom they could communicate with by means of those fetishes. Similarly modern religions have different concepts/fetishes but they serve to the common purpose of the communication between humans and God/deity.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Complicating human social relations and the first rise of scientific knowledge contributed to the growing complexity of religious views leading to the emergence of polytheism, when people believed in different gods, which were actually transformation of various fetishes, which were united into one religion as human society became more complex because former tribes were united in more complex unities as first states emerged.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eventually, monotheism emerged, which became the ground for modern world religions. To put it more precisely, monotheism was the attempt to unite people in their belief to one god. Such a shift toward one god only contributed to the unification of people and prevented numerous internal conflicts in ancient and later medieval states. In such a way, religion, as it is now, became a powerful tool of the ideological control over large masses of people. They used different context but they were the same in principle. They had one God that normally encouraged the support of the existing social order and acceptance of one’s social standing as it was (Vidal 153). As a result, religion, either Christianity, or Islam, or Buddhism promoted the idea of the existence of one God and respect to the existing social order that was and still is the major reason why religions were and some are still supported by some governments. The close integration of religion into the public consciousness made people believe in their specific religion only, but believers became incapable to identify their religion with other religions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, religions, in spite of their seeming difference, are all the same. They have the common origin and use similar principles. This is why either Christianity, or Islam, or Buddhism, or any other religion have, in their essence, similar principles, which help people to find balance in their life, to accept their life and themselves, to take their life for granted and enjoy it without trying to rebel or change the existing social order.

Businss Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Businss Education - Essay Example So which disciplins nd skills r th most importnt Th most imprtiv skills r nlyticl bility, judgmnt, skill in intrprsonl rltions, th bility to ccpt rsponsibility nd to mk dcisions, gnrl dministrtiv skills (including th cpcity to ld othrs, to pln, to orgniz nd dlgt), brdth nd flxibility of mind, imgintion, fcility in prsonl communiction, nd strong prsonl motivtion. Ths qulitis r not ndd in prcisly th sm combintion for vry typ of position nd for ll kinds of crrs in businss. But, prticulrly for th highr dministrtiv positions, thy sm to b th qulitis tht nd most to b mphsizd. With th incrsing complxity of businss oprtions, th nd for stff spcilists is incrsing, t th sm tim tht thr continus to b n insistnt dmnd for bl dministrtors. Mny studnts will find tht thy cn mk thir most significnt contribution in stff positions. Howvr, th growing nd will b for mn with high lvl of nlyticl bility nd with sophistictd commnd of nlyticl nd rsrch tools drivd from th fundmntl disciplins. Sound trining in th physicl nd socil scincs nd in mthmtics nd sttistics, combind with th bility to pply ths tools to businss problms, is bcoming much mor importnt thn dtild knowldg of currnt prctic or th cquisition of routin skills. Ths conclusions gin ddd strngth from th fct tht similr findings r bing pplid in othr brnchs of duction. closly rltd illustrtion is th movmnt of som of th lding nginring schools towrd n "nginring-scinc" pproch nd wy from n mphsis on spcilizd tchniqus. Th scond qulifiction riss out of th wid vrition in th bilitis of thos who sk businss duction. Unfortuntly, mny who r dmittd to businss schools do not hv th kinds of qulifictions mphsizd bov, nd mny do not hv th mntl bility to cquir th nlyticl tools tht r incrsingly ncssry. Ths studnts will nvr ris fr in th businss world. But vn ths studnts will bnfit most from n mphsis in collg on th bsic nlyticl tools, on th fundmntls of businss dministrtion nd conomics, nd on good gnrl duction. Th long-trm nds of businss nd th crr nds of th studnt rquir tht mphsis b plcd on th kinds of fundmntl knowldg nd bsic skill dvlopmnt dscribd in this nd th prcding chptr. Spcil trining for th first job is justifid only if it cn b don without intrfring with this mor importnt objctiv. Sinc th tim studnt hs in collg, vn if grdut yr or two r ddd, is scrcly sufficint for this brodr objctiv, th opportunitis for prpring th studnt for his first job r svrly rstrictd. This will bcom lss srious problm s businss incrsingly ccpts th rsponsibility for this initil trining. brod curriculum mphsizing gnrl principls, fundmntl knowldg, nd brdth of viw dos not prpr th studnt for th routin nd dtil tht r likly to chrctriz his rly yrs in businss. H must lrn to ccpt th routin nd to bnfit from it. Wht h hs lrnd must b lbortd by xprinc bfor h is rdy for th highr lvls of mngmnt. frqunt complint by businssmn ginst th products of prticulrly th bst known grdut schools is tht "thy ll wnt to b vic-prsidnts tomorrow." Mor nd wisr counsling cn hlp with this problm. mor plntiful us of css nd problms tkn from th lowr lvls of mngmnt cn lso hlp. It is importnt to strss th nd for knowldg tht would id th businssmn in dling