Jessica Hagen Essays - Afrikaner People, White South African People

Jessica Hagen Ethno-Film Study The Boer War The Boer War was the struggle of the Boers, or Dutch descent farmers, to keep the power of their land away from the British. They wanted to control their own land, and they were not going to let the British have an easy take over. The Boer War is also known as the South African War, and was fought from 1899 to 1902 (World 435). The British learned of resources they could use in the African area and there was a major struggle over who would control the area. This war was known as a ?gentlemen's war', the ?last Colonial war', and the ?forgotten war' (1). This was a major bloodbath, yet it was overshadowed and forgotten because of World War I. This was the biggest war fought by Britain in Africa (2). The Boers were people of Dutch, German, or French ancestry that lived in South Africa (World 436). Many of these people were farmers; the word Boer is actually a Dutch word meaning farmer (World 436). They felt that the British should not be able to take supremacy in their colonies, and they refused to be under control of the British King. The British felt that they would easily take over they South African colonies. It is quoted that they felt this "colonial conflict" would be over and settled in time for them to be "home for Christmas" (2). The British were very wrong by entering the conflict with such an overwhelming confidence. They did not realize that the Boers cherished their land and independence, and they would fight with passion and strength to keep their freedom. The Britain government and army underestimate the Boers. The Boers had an unconventional way of fighting and their "guerilla warfare hit and run tactics" (2) were not easy for the British army to fight. The war that the British Empire felt would be an easy take over led to a four-year battle. The British began using "blockhouse lines," which is a "scorched earth" policy (2). They had to resort to desperate measures because they were not able to handle the "swift-moving, mounted farmers armed with deadly Mauser rifles and bitter determination" (1). A fter the British began destroying anything that they came into contact with the Boers decided it was in their best interest to sign the peace treaty of Vereeniging on May 31, 1902 (2). The Boers were not punished for participating in the war; however, they had to sign a contract of faithfulness to King Edward VII (World 436). Although this war is said to be forgotten, the determination of the Boers to keep their freedom can never be forgotten by the British that underestimated them.

Johann Gutenberg and the Printing Press essays

Johann Gutenberg and the Printing Press essays Nearly five hundred and fifty years ago, Johann Gutenberg revolutionized the world when he developed the first printing press with movable metal type in Europe in 1450. History repeated itself thirty years ago, when the world was revolutionized again when the Internet was developed. The Internet provided, like the printing press, new ways for people to communicate ideas and is probably the most important way of communication and medium of the new "Millennium-Generation." In the past, in the present and especially in the future the Internet will certainly have a really great value for the society, economy and politics. This medium changed how information was spread throughout the world. and lowered the cost of spreading information. Five hundred years after the invention of the movable metal type printing press, the Internet was invented. A government project, the first type of computer networking began in 1969 to connect university computers across the United States. Unlike the printing press, the project was initiated to compete with Russia in the Space Race. The project was not the invention of just one person. This project was led by the Advanced Research Projects Agency and was further developed by BBN in Cambridge. By January 1971, over a dozen different universities across the United States were "online" with one another. For its first twenty years, the Internet was solely used and regulated by the government for research and education uses. In 1991, the University of Minnesota created the first friendly "Internet system" where a simple menu system was used to access files from a University based network. Similar systems named "gophers" were available over the world within a few years. In July 1992, the Internet became available for commercial uses. Widespread ownership of personal computers in the 1990's led to a commercial market for the Internet. Since the early 1990's, the Internet has become a place where informatio...

Poverty Deduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Poverty Deduction - Essay Example In spite of the fact that there is no social environment which does not feature poor people, the issue of poverty is often regarded as the one what must be solved by the government for the benefit of the entire society. This paper will analyze poverty reduction policies. It is quite obvious that governmental policies that were designed to raise the well being of the entire population were initiated since the dawn of the United States. While they may have a varying degree of success, it is obvious that the second half of the previous century is the time when the government decided to make it one of its highest priorities. For example, the scholars often refer to several pieces of legislation that were introduced by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 as War on Poverty (Lerner, 2012, p. 93). Indeed, this is a rather important point in the history of social welfare policy as it features such acts as Social Security Act, Food Stamp Act, The Economic Opportunity Act and Elementary and Secondary Education Act which shaped the development of war on poverty for many decades. To begin with, one might note that there is a special program is that widely known and is developed to help people escape poverty. It used to be known as Food Stamps Program, but the contemporary name of it is Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. According to it, any household in the country that is eligible for this program is able to receive additional money in a form alternative to US banknotes that will be used to buy food. One of the major points lies in the fact that a household can include from one to an infinite number of people, so literally anyone is able to apply ("Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program", 2014). Of course, there is a logical restriction: the amount of money that the household make should be reasonably low. Another policy that should be taken into account is called Job Corps. As one can easily guess from the very name of it, this is a program that provides people with job

Research of Excellent Fruit Juice Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Research of Excellent Fruit Juice Co - Essay Example This business plan is comprised of company description. Company description informs the stakeholders and readers of products produced by the company and where it is situated among others. Third chapter is industry analysis, where it covers trends in the food and drink industry. Fourth chapter is a marketing plan, where it describes the target market, sales objectives, promotion activities and marketing strategy among other key areas. Fifth chapter is about operations. In this chapter, the company highlights and explains where it will source its fruits, plant and equipment as well as production process. Sixth chapter states company’s structures and the number of employees needed in each department. The last chapter; financial plan indicates the amount of money it is required to start and operate the business in the first year. It also indicates where these funds would be sourced and how it would be applied to enable the company attain its objectives 2.0 Company Description Exce llent Fruit Juice Co. (EFJC) is a public company, which produce fresh fruit juice and fruit juice. It will begin its operations in April 2013 and would be headquartered in Newcastle, North of England. Its core business is to produce both fresh fruit juice and fruit juice from a variety of fresh fruits available in the UK. Some of the key fruits to be used in the production process are oranges, lemons, melons, pineapple, mangoes and berries among others. The founder of the company Mr. Jones Cook would be chief operating officer. The company intends to produce 100% natural products, which are safe and in variety of flavors in a bid to exploit the fresh fruit market and enhance nutrition for its consumers Furthermore, the company intends to be one of the fastest growing in UK and other parts of Europe. It would acquire and build outstanding fruit juice plant to meet fruit juice and smoothie needs of the people of Newcastle and its surroundings 2.1 Managing Stakeholders Expectations Tab le 1: Stakeholders’ Mapping using company’s stakeholder interest and influence matrix Ricart (2005 p. 100) explains that managing expectations of key stakeholders involves stakeholder mapping. Therefore, the company would manage its expectations so as to reduce potential conflicts. The company uses stakeholder interest and influence matrix to map its stakeholders. Employees and Government are the most important stakeholders of the company. Employees influence the company through their action and benefit from the company by receiving salaries. On the other hand, government through legislation can influence company’s operations. The government is also interested in the health of it citizens and have increased scrutiny in food and drinks industry. Customers are interested in the products while suppliers are interested in marketing their supplies. However, they have low influence because they cannot control operations of the company because the company would easily switch to other suppliers if need arises. Donors exert control through regulation of funds to the company and are not necessarily interested in company’s outcome. Figure1: Balanced Scorecard of the company The above scorecard would help the company’s management have a fast compressive view of the companies (Phadtare 2011, P.72). 3.0 Industry Analysis Food and drink industry is critical for societal health and financial outcomes in

Canada Statutory Law Analysis

Canada Statutory Law Analysis David Kafka Californias statutory law establishes that employment, having no specified term, may be terminated at will by either the employer or employee. Cal. Lab. Code ÂÂ § 2922 (2017). This presumption is subject to contrary evidence, such as an implied or expressed agreement that an employment relationship will continue indefinitely. The issue in this case is whether Reynaldo Perez had an implied contract of employment with Malloys Department Store that could be terminated only for cause. If an employer has created an implied or expressed contract for permanent employment, that employee may be terminable only for good cause. When determining if an implied agreement exists, the court will look at a number of factors. These include: personnel policies or practices of the employer, employees longevity of service, assurances by the employer for continued employment, and practices of the industry. Formal handbooks and manuals outlining employment terms are also given consideration. An implied covenant of good faith protects the parties right to receive the benefit of their agreement, but does not necessarily create any other duty outside of the contract. Pugh was found to have had an implied agreement with Sees Candies based on his duration of employment, lack of criticism for work, assurances given, and his employers acknowledged policies. Pugh v. Sees Candies, Inc., 116 Cal. App. 3d 311 (1981). Pugh was frequently told that if he did a good job, his future with the company was secure. There was also a policy where administrative staff would only be fired for good cause. Pugh was not given a reason for his termination, nor was it based on good cause. The court found that an implied contract existed, and Pugh was wrongfully terminated. Id. At will provisions in company manuals are significant in determining the policies of an employer. Parol evidence is admissible to explain, supplement, or even contradict the terms on an unintegrated agreement Guz v. Bechtel Natl, Inc., 8 P.3d 1089 (Cal. 2000). When an employer has policies in formal handbooks, it create[s] a clear and uniform alternative to haphazard practices, understanding, and arrangements within the company. Id. Guz was told by a Bechtel official that the company avoids arbitrary firings. However, the court found that the company did not waive its right to discharge its employees at will based on this statement. Id. The court places great credence in what is included in formal handbooks when determining if employment is at will. An official cannot waive those policies simply by making his or her own arrangements. Guz received no promises that he would be retained except for good cause. His long employment, raises, promotions, and good reviews were not sufficient enough to prove that an implied contract existed where he was no longer an at will employee. The court found that the implied covenant of good faith did not protect Guz from termination. Id. Perez was employed at Malloys for a total of 20 years, consistently received good evaluations, had salary increases, and on one occasion was given assurance his job was safe if he kept performing at a certain level. Perez was told early in his employment by the president of Malloys that his job would always be safe, and that the company doesnt just fire people. The length and success of his employment might also benefit his argument for an implied contract. The companys application form contained ambiguous language which could be interpreted as a contract for continued employment. It stated that Malloys hires and retains hard-working people. However, both the application form and employee manual reiterate that employment is at will. The application stated our employment relationship will end whenever we determine that it should. The employee manual had similar language, stating that an employee could be fired at any time, for any reason. It is likely that the employee manual and job application form will be given great consideration. Malloys clear policy of employment at will was outlined in these documents and contradict any promise that was made to Perez early in his career. As in Guz v. Bechtel Natl, Inc., 8 P.3d 1089 (Cal. 2000), an employee handbook is admissible in court to explain or contradict terms of an unintegrated agreement. In Perezs case, the handbook will likely contradict the presidents statement that his job would always be safe. Perez agreed with the company president that he was fine with his reassignment. He continued working in this position for an entire year. There was never a clear agreement that Perez would only be fired for just cause, and there was no indication that this was Malloys company policy. Therefore, it is unlikely that the court will find that Perez had an implied contract of employment that could be terminated only for cause.

Creative Story: Lobito :: essays research papers

Creative Story: Lobito Not once is there a boring moment in my house! That's because of my dog Lobito. Unlike other families that have a human sometimes being the clown of their family, in my family my dog Lobito is the clown. He has got to be the funniest dog alive. From his jealousy fits, and his way of picking fights with the rest of the dogs to his no stop playing with his stuffed animals. Well the best place to start would be by describing his way of fighting with other dogs. He's straight out of one of those movies where there saying â€Å" hold me back†. No matter how big the dog is he will challenge him. This would be great if he actually followed through with his threat but he doesn't. He has this funny habit that when were holding him back from another dog, his bark starts getting louder. While holding him back he tends to pull and yank hard, and almost say â€Å"let me at him†. The funny part is when we actually do let him go, he's surprised we let him go , and gives us this look like hey hold me back! Another thing that goes along with his fighting techniques, are his day dream desires of being a security dog. We have this one dog named Pinto that Lobito hates with all his heart. Being that Pinto is alot older and bigger than Lobbito , Lobito never dares raise a bark at Pinto. But don't ever tell Pinto to go outside the house, because as soon as Lobito hears the words â€Å"Pinto outside†, hell breaks loose. Lobito will come tearing around the corner like if he heard Puppy Chow was going to be on sale. He starts barking and yelping right behind Pinto with an occasional nip at his tail. At the same time while this is all going on he tends to give us a look that says how am I doing? Well that's not the worst part, the worst part is when it comes to his jealousy. It could be said that Lobito has this idea that he's number one, and he's got this idea for everything that happens to him. Due to this idea of his we make it a point not to pet any other dog besides him while he's around, and if we accidentally do pet another dog he makes it clear to us he's upset with us by growling. We never let him catch us petting another dog! He'll come right up

Family Sytem Theory Essay

Family therapy is a form of counseling which specializes in treating family relationships. Marriage and Family Therapists can work with every combination of family relationship (whole families or couples, parents with children or individual members) to assist a family to function in more comfortable and useful ways. While most family therapists work alone with family members, others may work in pairs or a larger team of therapists. How Does Family Therapy Work? Family systems theory proposes that we as individuals first learn about ourselves, our emotions and how to manage close relationships from the experience we have growing up in our family of origin. This personal experience influences how we tend to function in all other relationships we may have throughout our lives. As we come to better understand ourselves in our family emotional system, and work to heal our natural, anxious reactions to it, we can become more flexible in our marriages, our parenting, and our work and community relationships. What Kinds of Therapy Does Family Therapy Use? While some forms of family therapy are based in cognitive, behavioral, experiential or psychodynamic psychology, the most commonly practiced methods of this therapy are based on family systems theory. Family therapy developed its theoretical foundations fifty years ago from the developing, cross disciplinary body of knowledge called systems theory. Systems theoryproposes that everything we experience in the world is interconnected to its context, and can’t be fully understood without it. When it comes to human beings, then, we don’t know who we are without understanding the relationships we have. Those relationships include the ones we have with family, our friends, our neighborhood and cultures, our work and school environments, and those we may have with the larger systems of language, gender, nationality, or religion. Professional Accreditation and Family Therapy Family Therapy is specific to the graduate training of Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists (LMFT). LMFTs can be found in private, group and clinical therapy practices across the United States and abroad. Other psychological professionals, such as psychologists, social workers, and professional counselors may also have received some advanced training in family system therapy, and may use its principles and ideas in their work. The number of sessions depends on the situation, but the average is 5-20 sessions. A family therapist usually meets several members of the family at the same time. This has the advantage of making differences between the ways family members perceive mutual relations as well as interaction patterns in the session apparent both for the therapist and the family. These patterns frequently mirror habitual interaction patterns at home, even though the therapist is now incorporated into the family system. Therapy interventions usually focus on relationship patterns rather than on analyzing impulses of the unconscious mind or early childhood trauma of individuals as a Freudian therapist would do – although some schools of family therapy, for example psychodynamicand intergenerational, do consider such individual and historical factors (thus embracing both linear and circular causation) and they may use instruments such as the genogram to help to elucidate the patterns of relationship across generations. The distinctive feature of family therapy is its perspective and analytical framework rather than the number of people present at a therapy session. Specifically, family therapists are relational therapists: They are generally more interested in what goes on between individuals rather than within one or more individuals, although some family therapists—in particular those who identify aspsychodynamic, object relations, intergenerational, EFT, or experiential family therapists—tend to be as interested in individuals as in the systems those individuals and their relationships constitute. Depending on the conflicts at issue and the progress of therapy to date, a therapist may focus on analyzing specific previous instances of conflict, as by reviewing a past incident and suggesting alternative ways family members might have responded to one another during it, or instead proceed directly to addressing the sources of conflict at a more abstract level, as by pointing out patterns of interaction that the family might have not noticed. Family therapists tend to be more interested in the maintenance and/or solving of problems rather than in trying to identify a single cause. Some families may perceive cause-effect analyses as attempts to allocate blame to one or more individuals, with the effect that for many families a focus on causation is of little or no clinical utility. It is important to note that a circular way of problem evaluation is used as opposed to a linear route. Using this method, families can be helped by finding patterns of behaviour, what the causes are, and what can be done to better their situation.